Magnetic resonance imaging of the musculoskeletal system in the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases in the pediatric population.
Joanna OżgaElżbieta MężykWojciech KmiecikWadim WojciechowskiZbigniew Michał ŻuberPublished in: Reumatologia (2024)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the musculoskeletal system is an examination increasingly performed for suspected juvenile idiopathic arthritis, chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis and juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, as well as other rheumatic diseases of developmental age. T1-, T2- and PD-weighted with or without fat suppression or short tau inversion recovery/turbo inversion recovery magnitude (STIR/TIRM) sequences and post-contrast sequences are evaluated to diagnose pathological changes in the synovial membrane, subchondral bone marrow and surrounding soft tissues. Magnetic resonance imaging allows detection of synovitis, tenosynovitis, bursitis, and enthesitis as well as bone marrow edema and soft tissue edema. Several pediatric-specific MRI scoring systems have been developed and validated to standardize and facilitate the assessment of the extent of the inflammatory process and disease activity in MRI. Early detection of inflammatory changes allows the inclusion of comprehensive pharmacotherapy giving the possibility of permanent remission and objective measurement of the effectiveness of treatment.
Keyphrases
- contrast enhanced
- magnetic resonance imaging
- juvenile idiopathic arthritis
- disease activity
- bone marrow
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- rheumatoid arthritis
- diffusion weighted imaging
- computed tomography
- magnetic resonance
- rheumatoid arthritis patients
- ankylosing spondylitis
- oxidative stress
- mesenchymal stem cells
- soft tissue
- randomized controlled trial
- smoking cessation
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- cerebrospinal fluid
- real time pcr
- sensitive detection