Euphylonoids A and B, Two Highly Modified Jatrophane Diterpenoids with Potent Lipid-Lowering Activity from Euphorbia hylonoma .

Euphylonoids A ( 1 ) and B ( 2 ), two highly modified jatrophane diterpenoids, were isolated from Euphorbia hylonoma . 1 represents a new 9(10→18)- abeo -8,12-cyclojatrophane skeleton containing a cage-like 3,8-dioxatricyclo[5.1.2.0 4,9 ]decane core, while 2 is a 14(13→20)- abeo -8,12-cyclojatrophane featuring an unusual 17-oxatetracyclo[12.2.1.0 1,5 .0 9,13 ]heptadecane framework. Their structural elucidation was completed by spectroscopic, chemical, computational, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction means. 2 significantly inhibited early adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via activating AMP-activated protein kinase signaling.