Determining Expected Research Skills of Medical Students on Graduation: a Systematic Review.

The diversity of teaching programs highlights challenges in defining core competencies in research skills for medical graduates. Incomplete reporting limits the evidence for effective research skills education; we recommend those designing and reporting educational interventions adopt recognized educational reporting criteria when describing their findings. Whether students learn by "doing", "proposing to do", or "critiquing", good curriculum design requires constructive alignment between teaching, assessment, and evaluation methods, aims, and outcomes. Peer-reviewed publications and presentations only evaluate one aspect of the student research experience.