Leisure-Time Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Diet Quality are Associated with Metabolic Syndrome Severity: The PREDIMED-Plus Study.
Laura Gallardo-AlfaroMaria Del Mar BibiloniCatalina M MascaróSofía MontemayorMiguel Ruiz-CanelaJordi Salas SalvadóDolores CorellaMontserrat FitóDora RomagueraJesús VioqueÁngel María Alonso-GómezJulia WärnbergJ Alfredo MartínezJ LLuís Serra-MajemRamon EstruchJosé Carlos Fernández-GarcíaJosé LapetraXavier PintóAntonio García RíosBueno-Cavanillas AJosé J GaforioPilar MatíaLidia Daimiel RuizRafael M Micó-PérezJosep VidalClotilde VázquezEmilio RosCesar Ignacio Fernandez-LázaroNerea Becerra-TomásIgnacio Manuel Gimenez-AlbaMaría Dolors ZomeñoJadwiga KoniecznaLaura Compañ-GabucioLucas Tojal-SierraJessica Pérez-LópezMaría de Los Ángeles ZuletTamara Casañas-QuintanaSara Castro-BarqueroAna María Gómez-PérezJose Manuel Santos-LozanoAna GaleraF Javier Basterra-GortariJosep BasoraCarmen SaizKarla Alejandra Pérez-VegaAina M Galmés-PanadésCristina Tercero-MaciáCarolina Sorto-SánchezCarmen Sayon-OreaJesús Francisco García-GavilánJúlia Muñoz-MartínezJosep Antonio TurPublished in: Nutrients (2020)
Healthy lifestyle factors, such as physical activity (PA) and Mediterranean diet (MD), decrease the likelihood of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to report main lifestyle components and related factors according to the MetS severity. Cross-sectional analysis was done of baseline lifestyle factors from 5739 participants with overweight/obesity and MetS features (aged 55-75 years) included in the PREDIMED-PLUS primary cardiovascular prevention randomized trial. Participants were categorized in tertiles according to a validated MetS severity score (MetSSS). Anthropometrics, visceral adiposity index, dietary nutrient intake, biochemical marker levels, as well as a Dietary Inflammatory Index and depression symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory-II) were measured. Diet quality was assessed using a 17-item energy-restricted MD questionnaire. Duration and intensity of PA was self-reported using the Minnesota-REGICOR Short Physical Activity Questionnaire. Sedentary behaviours were measured using the Spanish version of the Nurses' Health Study questionnaire. The 30 s chair stand test was also assessed. Participants with highest MetSSS showed higher values of cardiovascular risk factors (except for total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol), depression risk, sedentary and TV viewing time, and lower moderate and vigorous leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). Highest MetSSS participants tended to a pro-inflammatory dietary pattern and tended to lower MD adherence. In addition, they showed lower carbohydrate and nut intake and higher intake of protein, saturated and trans fatty acids, cholesterol, iodine, sodium, red and processed meat products, other oils different from olive oil and spirit alcoholic drinks. The highest MetS severity score was associated with lower moderate and vigorous LTPA and higher sedentary time and depression risk, as they tended to a pro-inflammatory dietary pattern and lower MD adherence.
Keyphrases
- physical activity
- metabolic syndrome
- sleep quality
- cross sectional
- cardiovascular risk factors
- body mass index
- depressive symptoms
- insulin resistance
- psychometric properties
- weight gain
- healthcare
- molecular dynamics
- fatty acid
- high intensity
- mental health
- public health
- cardiovascular disease
- oxidative stress
- low density lipoprotein
- type diabetes
- climate change
- magnetic resonance imaging
- adipose tissue
- risk assessment
- magnetic resonance
- health information