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X-treme loss of sequence diversity linked to neo-X chromosomes in filarial nematodes.

John S A MattickSilvia LibroRobin BromleyWanpen ChaicumpaMatthew ChungDarren CookMohammad Behram KhanNikhil KumarYee-Ling LauShailja Misra-BhattacharyaRamakrishna U RaoLisa SadzewiczAtiporn SaeungMohd ShahabBenjamin C SparklinAndrew StevenJoseph D TurnerLuke J TallonMark J TaylorAndrew R MoorheadMichelle MichalskiJeremy M FosterJulie C Dunning Hotopp
Published in: PLoS neglected tropical diseases (2021)
The sequence diversity of natural and laboratory populations of Brugia pahangi and Brugia malayi was assessed with Illumina resequencing followed by mapping in order to identify single nucleotide variants and insertions/deletions. In natural and laboratory Brugia populations, there is a lack of sequence diversity on chromosome X relative to the autosomes (πX/πA = 0.2), which is lower than the expected (πX/πA = 0.75). A reduction in diversity is also observed in other filarial nematodes with neo-X chromosome fusions in the genera Onchocerca and Wuchereria, but not those without neo-X chromosome fusions in the genera Loa and Dirofilaria. In the species with neo-X chromosome fusions, chromosome X is abnormally large, containing a third of the genetic material such that a sizable portion of the genome is lacking sequence diversity. Such profound differences in genetic diversity can be consequential, having been associated with drug resistance and adaptability, with the potential to affect filarial eradication.
Keyphrases
  • copy number
  • genetic diversity
  • genome wide
  • amino acid
  • gene expression
  • dna methylation
  • risk assessment
  • autism spectrum disorder
  • helicobacter pylori
  • human health