Changes in Peripheral and Local Tumor Immunity after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Reshape Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Breast Cancer.

Margaret L Axelrod Mellissa J Nixon Paula I Gonzalez EricssonRiley E BergmanMark A PilkintonWyatt J McDonnellVioleta SanchezSusan R OpalenikSherene LoiJing ZhouSean MackayBrent N RexerVandana G AbramsonValerie M JansenSimon A MallalJoshua DonaldsonSara M TolaneyIan E KropAna Christina Garrido-CastroJonathan D MarottiKevin SheeTodd W MillerMelinda E SandersIngrid A MayerRoberto SalgadoJustin M Balko

Published in: Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research (2020)

We have characterized the effects of NAC on the TIME, finding that TNBC is uniquely sensitive to the immunologic effects of NAC, and local increases in immune genes/sets are associated with improved outcomes. However, expression of cytotoxic genes in the peripheral blood, as opposed to the TIME, may be a minimally invasive biomarker of persistent micrometastatic disease ultimately leading to recurrence.

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