Assessing the generation of tissue resident memory T cells by vaccines.
Elizabeth RotrosenThomas S KupperPublished in: Nature reviews. Immunology (2023)
Vaccines have been a hugely successful public health intervention, virtually eliminating many once common diseases of childhood. However, they have had less success in controlling endemic pathogens including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, herpesviruses and HIV. A focus on vaccine-mediated generation of neutralizing antibodies, which has been a successful approach for some pathogens, has been complicated by the emergence of escape variants, which has been seen for pathogens such as influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2, as well as for HIV-1. We discuss how vaccination strategies aimed at generating a broad and robust T cell response may offer superior protection against pathogens, particularly those that have been observed to mutate rapidly. In particular, we consider here how a focus on generating resident memory T cells may be uniquely effective for providing immunity to pathogens that typically infect (or become reactivated in) the skin, respiratory mucosa or other barrier tissues.
Keyphrases
- gram negative
- antimicrobial resistance
- public health
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- sars cov
- hiv positive
- hiv infected
- antiretroviral therapy
- hepatitis c virus
- multidrug resistant
- human immunodeficiency virus
- randomized controlled trial
- hiv aids
- hiv testing
- patient safety
- quality improvement
- working memory
- gene expression
- men who have sex with men
- copy number
- young adults
- soft tissue
- emergency medicine
- dna methylation
- global health
- dengue virus