The Essential Oil of Salvia rosmarinus Spenn. from Italy as a Source of Health-Promoting Compounds: Chemical Profile and Antioxidant and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity.
Mariarosaria LeporiniMarco BonesiLoizzo Monica RosaNicodemo Giuseppe PassalacquaRosa TundisPublished in: Plants (Basel, Switzerland) (2020)
The chemical composition of the essential oil from Salvia rosmarinus Spenn. collected in Calabrian Ionian (R1) and Tyrrhenian (R2) coast (Southern Italy) was examined by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Essential oils are mainly characterized by monoterpene hydrocarbons (39.32-40.70%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (36.08-39.47%). The 1,8-cineole, α-pinene, camphor, and trans-caryophyllene are the most representative compounds. S. rosmarinus essential oils were investigated for their antioxidant activity by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing ability power (FRAP), and β-carotene bleaching tests. Additionally, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity assays were used to screen the neuroprotective effects of S. rosmarinus. R2 showed the highest antioxidant potential as confirmed by relative antioxidant capacity index (RACI) and exhibited a selective activity against AChE (half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50, value of 41.86 μg/mL). These results suggest S. rosmarinus essential oil as a potential source of bioactive compounds.
Keyphrases
- essential oil
- gas chromatography
- gas chromatography mass spectrometry
- mass spectrometry
- tandem mass spectrometry
- oxidative stress
- solid phase extraction
- high resolution mass spectrometry
- high throughput
- healthcare
- public health
- anti inflammatory
- human health
- mental health
- hydrogen peroxide
- cross sectional
- ionic liquid
- blood pressure
- nitric oxide
- brain injury
- subarachnoid hemorrhage