Nicotine dependence as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis in the National Lung Screening Trial.
Junjia ZhuKevin NelsonJennifer TothJoshua E MuscatPublished in: BMC public health (2019)
Compared to smoking immediately after waking, delaying an hour or more reduces the risk of aortic atherosclerosis even among long-term heavy smokers. Possible mechanisms that explain this association are intensity of smoking, inflammation and oxidative stress, and elevated lipid levels.
Keyphrases
- smoking cessation
- oxidative stress
- cardiovascular disease
- blood pressure
- dna damage
- study protocol
- aortic valve
- quality improvement
- clinical trial
- induced apoptosis
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- diabetic rats
- left ventricular
- phase iii
- high intensity
- fatty acid
- heart failure
- randomized controlled trial
- type diabetes
- heat shock
- aortic dissection
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- open label