Depressive symptoms and the general health of retired professional footballers compared with the general population in the UK: a case-control study.
Gwen S FernandesSanjay Mukund ParekhJonathan MosesColin W FullerBrigitte ScammellMark Edward BattWeiya ZhangMichael DohertyPublished in: BMJ open (2019)
The prevalence of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms and probable caseness in ex-professional footballers is comparable with general population controls. However, ex-footballers reported lower health-related QoL, more widespread body pain and higher analgesic usage. Conversely, lower reporting of diabetes and heart attacks indicates potential long-term physical health benefits of professional football.
Keyphrases
- depressive symptoms
- sleep quality
- mental health
- public health
- healthcare
- social support
- type diabetes
- neuropathic pain
- health information
- cardiovascular disease
- chronic pain
- physical activity
- human health
- risk factors
- pain management
- atrial fibrillation
- risk assessment
- climate change
- spinal cord injury
- adverse drug
- emergency department
- adipose tissue
- insulin resistance
- glycemic control
- cross sectional
- drug induced