Centella asiatica Protects d-Galactose/AlCl3 Mediated Alzheimer's Disease-Like Rats via PP2A/GSK-3β Signaling Pathway in Their Hippocampus.
Samaila Musa ChiromaMohamad Taufik Hidayat BaharuldinChe Norma Mat TaibZulkhairi AmomSaravanan JagadeesanMohd Ilham AdenanOnesimus MahdiMohamad Aris Mohd MoklasPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2019)
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder more prevalent among the elderly population. AD is characterised clinically by a progressive decline in cognitive functions and pathologically by the presence of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), deposition of beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaque and synaptic dysfunction in the brain. Centella asiatica (CA) is a valuable herb being used widely in African, Ayurvedic, and Chinese traditional medicine to reverse cognitive impairment and to enhance cognitive functions. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of CA in preventing d-galactose/aluminium chloride (d-gal/AlCl3) induced AD-like pathologies and the underlying mechanisms of action were further investigated for the first time. Results showed that co-administration of CA to d-gal/AlCl3 induced AD-like rat models significantly increased the levels of protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A) and decreased the levels of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β). It was further observed that, CA increased the expression of mRNA of Bcl-2, while there was minimal effect on the expression of caspase 3 mRNA. The results also showed that, CA prevented morphological aberrations in the connus ammonis 3 (CA 3) sub-region of the rat's hippocampus. The results clearly demonstrated for the first time that CA could alleviate d-gal/AlCl3 induced AD-like pathologies in rats via inhibition of hyperphosphorylated tau (P-tau) bio-synthetic proteins, anti-apoptosis and maintenance of cytoarchitecture.
Keyphrases
- protein kinase
- signaling pathway
- oxidative stress
- cognitive impairment
- diabetic rats
- poor prognosis
- multiple sclerosis
- high glucose
- binding protein
- pi k akt
- randomized controlled trial
- cell death
- systematic review
- drug induced
- cognitive decline
- white matter
- copy number
- mass spectrometry
- gene expression
- cerebral ischemia
- middle aged
- cell cycle arrest
- subarachnoid hemorrhage