Longitudinal in vivo imaging of acute neuropathology in a monkey model of Ebola virus infection.
William Schreiber-StainthorpJeffrey SolomonJi Hyun LeeMarcelo A CastroSwati ShahNeysha Martinez-OrengoRebecca ReederDragan MaricRobin GrossJing QinKatie R HagenReed F JohnsonDima A HammoudPublished in: Nature communications (2021)
Ebola virus (EBOV) causes neurological symptoms yet its effects on the central nervous system (CNS) are not well-described. Here, we longitudinally assess the acute effects of EBOV on the brain, using quantitative MR-relaxometry, 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET and immunohistochemistry in a monkey model. We report blood-brain barrier disruption, likely related to high cytokine levels and endothelial viral infection, with extravasation of fluid, Gadolinium-based contrast material and albumin into the extracellular space. Increased glucose metabolism is also present compared to the baseline, especially in the deep gray matter and brainstem. This regional hypermetabolism corresponds with mild neuroinflammation, sporadic neuronal infection and apoptosis, as well as increased GLUT3 expression, consistent with increased neuronal metabolic demands. Neuroimaging changes are associated with markers of disease progression including viral load and cytokine/chemokine levels. Our results provide insight into the pathophysiology of CNS involvement with EBOV and may help assess vaccine/treatment efficacy in real time.
Keyphrases
- blood brain barrier
- cerebral ischemia
- liver failure
- positron emission tomography
- respiratory failure
- high resolution
- contrast enhanced
- computed tomography
- pet ct
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- drug induced
- magnetic resonance
- poor prognosis
- oxidative stress
- aortic dissection
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- brain injury
- endothelial cells
- traumatic brain injury
- cell death
- magnetic resonance imaging
- mass spectrometry
- late onset
- cross sectional
- intensive care unit
- resting state
- cell proliferation
- pet imaging
- binding protein
- physical activity
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- sleep quality
- functional connectivity
- fluorescence imaging