Normal human brainstem development in vivo: a quantitative fetal MRI study.
Gregor O DovjakV SchmidbauerP C BruggerG M GruberMariana C DiogoS GlatterM WeberB UlmD PrayerGregor J KasprianPublished in: Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (2021)
The substructures of the fetal brainstem follow a distinct spatiotemporal growth pattern, characterized by a relative increase in the pons and decrease in the midbrain, between 15 and 40 weeks of gestation. Caution is needed when interpreting fetal brainstem appearance during the early second trimester, as the brainstem proportions differ significantly from the adult morphology. The reference data provided herein should help to increase diagnostic accuracy in detecting disorders of defective hindbrain segmentation. © 2020 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Keyphrases
- magnetic resonance imaging
- gestational age
- endothelial cells
- preterm infants
- contrast enhanced
- preterm birth
- randomized controlled trial
- computed tomography
- ultrasound guided
- convolutional neural network
- machine learning
- systematic review
- mass spectrometry
- pregnancy outcomes
- diffusion weighted imaging
- pluripotent stem cells