The Effects of Time-Restricted Eating versus Standard Dietary Advice on Weight, Metabolic Health and the Consumption of Processed Food: A Pragmatic Randomised Controlled Trial in Community-Based Adults.
Nicholas Edward PhillipsJulie MareschalNathalie SchwabEmily N C ManoogianSylvie BorlozGiada OstinelliAude Gauthier-JaquesSylvie UmwaliElena Gonzalez RodriguezDaniel AeberliDidier HansSatchidananda PandaNicolas RodondiFelix NaefTinh-Hai ColletPublished in: Nutrients (2021)
Weight loss is key to controlling the increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components, i.e., central obesity, hypertension, prediabetes and dyslipidaemia. The goals of our study were two-fold. First, we characterised the relationships between eating duration, unprocessed and processed food consumption and metabolic health. During 4 weeks of observation, 213 adults used a smartphone application to record food and drink consumption, which was annotated for food processing levels following the NOVA classification. Low consumption of unprocessed food and low physical activity showed significant associations with multiple MS components. Second, in a pragmatic randomised controlled trial, we compared the metabolic benefits of 12 h time-restricted eating (TRE) to standard dietary advice (SDA) in 54 adults with an eating duration > 14 h and at least one MS component. After 6 months, those randomised to TRE lost 1.6% of initial body weight (SD 2.9, p = 0.01), compared to the absence of weight loss with SDA (-1.1%, SD 3.5, p = 0.19). There was no significant difference in weight loss between TRE and SDA (between-group difference -0.88%, 95% confidence interval -3.1 to 1.3, p = 0.43). Our results show the potential of smartphone records to predict metabolic health and highlight that further research is needed to improve individual responses to TRE such as a shorter eating window or its actual clock time.
Keyphrases
- weight loss
- bariatric surgery
- human health
- roux en y gastric bypass
- study protocol
- physical activity
- gastric bypass
- metabolic syndrome
- public health
- healthcare
- mass spectrometry
- multiple sclerosis
- body weight
- ms ms
- risk assessment
- mental health
- weight gain
- glycemic control
- randomized controlled trial
- health information
- risk factors
- health promotion
- type diabetes
- body mass index
- insulin resistance
- climate change
- adipose tissue
- cardiovascular disease
- cardiovascular risk factors
- uric acid
- global health