Intestinal microbes play a crucial role in gut health and the immune-mediated central nervous system through the "gut-brain" axis. However, probiotic safety and efficacy in Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are not well-explored. A pilot clinic trial for NMOSD with probiotic intervention revealed alterations in the microbiota (increased Anaerostipes, Bacteroides; decreased Granulicatella, Streptococcus, Rothia). Metabolite analysis showed elevated 2-methylbutyric and isobutyric acids, reduced lithocholic acid (LCA), and glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA). Immune markers Interleukin (IL-7), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), and B lymphocyte chemoattractant (BLC) decreased, while plasma cells and transitional B cells increased post-probiotics, suggesting potential immunomodulatory effects on NMOSD.
Keyphrases
- spectrum disorder
- vascular endothelial growth factor
- study protocol
- endothelial cells
- randomized controlled trial
- healthcare
- induced apoptosis
- public health
- primary care
- clinical trial
- oxidative stress
- biofilm formation
- transcription factor
- staphylococcus aureus
- multiple sclerosis
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- brain injury
- lactic acid
- cerebrospinal fluid
- resting state
- cerebral ischemia
- cell proliferation
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- open label
- pi k akt