Effects of low-dose chlorpyrifos on neurobehavior and potential mechanisms: A review of studies in rodents, zebrafish, and Caenorhabditis elegans.

Taken together, these findings provided a weight-of-evidence for low-dose CPF neurotoxicity and noncholinergic mechanisms. Variability in laboratories, exposure methods, tests, sex, and animal species/strain might have contributed to the inconsistent results. The detrimental CPF effects during early development are relevant to human populations.