Purified Gymnemic Acids from Gymnema inodorum Tea Inhibit 3T3-L1 Cell Differentiation into Adipocytes.
Papawee SaikiYasuhiro KawanoTakayuki OgiPrapaipat KlungsupyaThanchanok MuangmanWimonsri PhantanapratesPapitchaya KongchindaNantaporn PinnakKoyomi MiyazakiPublished in: Nutrients (2020)
Gymnema inodorum (GI) is an indigenous medicinal plant and functional food in Thailand that has recently helped to reduce plasma glucose levels in healthy humans. It is renowned for the medicinal properties of gymnemic acid and its ability to suppress glucose absorption. However, the effects of gymnemic acids on adipogenesis that contribute to the accumulation of adipose tissues associated with obesity remain unknown. The present study aimed to determine the effects of gymnemic acids derived from GI tea on adipogenesis. We purified and identified GiA-7 and stephanosides C and B from GI tea that inhibited adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. These compounds also suppressed the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparγ)-dependent genes, indicating that they inhibit lipid accumulation and the early stage of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. Only GiA-7 induced the expression of uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) and pparγ coactivator 1 alpha (Pgc1α), suggesting that GiA-7 induces mitochondrial activity and beige-like adipocytes. This is the first finding of stephanosides C and B in Gymnema inodorum. Our results suggested that GiA-7 and stephanosides C and B from GI tea could help to prevent obesity.
Keyphrases
- insulin resistance
- high fat diet induced
- adipose tissue
- skeletal muscle
- early stage
- metabolic syndrome
- poor prognosis
- binding protein
- type diabetes
- blood glucose
- weight loss
- gene expression
- oxidative stress
- weight gain
- fatty acid
- squamous cell carcinoma
- diabetic rats
- body mass index
- endothelial cells
- protein protein
- blood pressure
- cell death
- rectal cancer
- small molecule
- drug discovery
- drug induced