Physicochemical parameters and nutritional profile of back and abdomen muscle of fresh golden pompano ( Trachinotus ovatus ) and hybrid grouper ( Epinephelus lanceolatus × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ).

Golden pompano ( Trachinotus ovatus ) and hybrid grouper ( Epinephelus lanceolatus × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ) has widely been distributed in China and Southeast Asian countries with great commercial importance. In this study, the nutritional profiles, chemical and physical parameters of back and abdomen muscles were determined. Significantly different ( p  < .05) proximate compositions were found in two fish muscles. The contents of water-soluble protein, salt-soluble protein, and non-nitrogenous protein were higher in the golden pompano while salt-insoluble proteins were higher in the hybrid grouper. The main minerals found were K (3700.56-4495.57 μg/g) followed by P > Na > Mg > and Ca, respectively. Fatty acids contents consisted of polyunsaturated fatty acids ranging from 29.40% to 43.09% and saturated fatty acids 28.33% to 39.61%. The muscles were rich in n-3 PUFAs with n-6/n-3 ratio of 1.36%-2.96% in the back and abdomen. On the other hand, total amino acid and non-essential amino acid contents were found higher in the hybrid grouper while essential amino acid and delicious amino acid contents were higher in the golden pompano. Glutamic acid was the most predominant amino acid. The amino acid scores (AAS) of six amino acids were close to 1.00, whereas lysine showed the highest AAS while tryptophan was the most limited essential amino acid in all muscles, respectively. These results indicated golden pompano and hybrid grouper exhibited a varied nutritional composition and offered a good nutritional profile.