High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Decreases Subcutaneous Fat Tissue Thickness by Increasing Apoptosis and Autophagy.
Kyung-A ByunHyun Jun ParkSeyeon OhSosorburam BatsukhHye Jin SunTaehui KimSunggeun KimDonghwan KangKuk Hui SonKyunghee ByunPublished in: Biomolecules (2023)
High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) leads to decreased subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness via heat-induced adipocyte necrosis. Heat can induce adipocyte apoptosis and autophagy, and it is known that nuclear or mitochondrial p53 is involved in apoptosis and autophagy. However, whether HIFU leads to apoptosis or autophagy is unclear. We evaluated whether HIFU decreases SAT thickness via p53-related apoptosis or autophagy in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed animals. The expression of nuclear and mitochondrial p53 was increased by HIFU. HIFU also led to decreased expression of BCL2/BCL-xL (an antiapoptotic signal), increased expression of BAX/BAK (an apoptotic signal), increased levels of cleaved caspase 3/9, and increased numbers of apoptotic cells as evaluated by TUNEL assay. Furthermore, HIFU led to increased levels of ATG5, BECN1, and LC3II/LC3I, and decreased levels of p62, a marker of increased autophagy. The thickness of SAT was decreased by HIFU. In conclusion, HIFU led to nuclear and mitochondrial p53 expression, which led to apoptosis and autophagy, and eventually decreased SAT thickness in HFD-fed animals.
Keyphrases
- high intensity
- cell death
- cell cycle arrest
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- induced apoptosis
- oxidative stress
- high fat diet
- adipose tissue
- resistance training
- poor prognosis
- insulin resistance
- diabetic rats
- optical coherence tomography
- fatty acid
- type diabetes
- long non coding rna
- body composition
- metabolic syndrome
- pi k akt
- heat stress
- skeletal muscle