Effects of voluntary exercise on the expression of browning markers in visceral and subcutaneous fat tissue of normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Meryem Sevval KaradedeliRolf SchreckenbergHanna S KutscheKlaus-Dieter SchlüterPublished in: Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology (2021)
High physical activity is important to optimize the function of adipose tissue. Dysfunctional adipose tissue contributes to the development of metabolic stress, chronic inflammation, and hypertension. To improve our current understanding of the interaction between physical exercise and adipose tissue, we analyzed the effect of 10 months voluntary running wheel activity of rats on uncoupling protein (UCP) 1 negative white adipose tissue (visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, VWAT and SWAT). Analysis was performed via RT-PCR and immunoblot from adipose tissues depicted from adult normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive female rats. UCP1 negative VWAT differed from UCP1 positive WAT and brown adipose tissue (BAT) from interscapular fat depots, by lacking the expression of UCP1 and low expression of Cidea, a transcriptional co-activator of UCP1. High physical activity affected the expression of five genes in SWAT (Visfatin (up), RBP5, adiponectin, Cidea, and Nrg4 (all down)) but only one gene (Visfatin, up) in VWAT. Furthermore, the expression of these genes is differentially regulated in VWAT and SWAT of normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) under sedentary conditions (UCP2) and exercise (Visfatin, Cidea, Nrg4). Keeping the animals after 6 months of voluntary exercise under observation for an additional period of 4 months without running wheels, Visfatin, Cidea, and Nrg4 were stronger expressed in VWAT of SHRs than in sedentary control rats. In summary, our study shows that SWAT is more responsible to exercise than VWAT.
Keyphrases
- adipose tissue
- physical activity
- insulin resistance
- poor prognosis
- high fat diet
- high intensity
- binding protein
- blood pressure
- gene expression
- long non coding rna
- oxidative stress
- high fat diet induced
- immune response
- skeletal muscle
- dna methylation
- small molecule
- copy number
- amino acid
- fatty acid
- protein protein
- genome wide identification
- heat shock protein