Altered Cholinergic Innervation in De Novo Parkinson's Disease with and Without Cognitive Impairment.
Sygrid van der ZeePrabesh KanelMarleen J J GerritsenJeffrey M BoertienAnne C SlompMartijn L T M MüllerNicolaas I BohnenJacoba M SpikmanTeus van LaarPublished in: Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society (2022)
Altered cholinergic innervation is already present in de novo patients with PD. Posterior cortical cholinergic losses were present in all patients independent of cognitive status. Higher-than-normal binding in cerebellar, frontal, and subcortical regions in cognitively intact patients may reflect compensatory cholinergic upregulation in early-stage PD. Limited or failing cholinergic upregulation may play an important role in early, clinically evident cognitive impairment in PD. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Keyphrases
- cognitive impairment
- end stage renal disease
- early stage
- newly diagnosed
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- prognostic factors
- peritoneal dialysis
- cell proliferation
- squamous cell carcinoma
- randomized controlled trial
- poor prognosis
- multiple sclerosis
- mild cognitive impairment
- lymph node
- neoadjuvant chemotherapy
- white matter