Redox Homeostasis and Cellular Antioxidant Systems: Crucial Players in Cancer Growth and Therapy.
Barbara MarengoMariapaola NittiAnna Lisa FurfaroRenata CollaChiara De CiucisUmberto Maria MarinariMaria Adelaide PronzatoNicola TraversoCinzia DomenicottiPublished in: Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity (2016)
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their products are components of cell signaling pathways and play important roles in cellular physiology and pathophysiology. Under physiological conditions, cells control ROS levels by the use of scavenging systems such as superoxide dismutases, peroxiredoxins, and glutathione that balance ROS generation and elimination. Under oxidative stress conditions, excessive ROS can damage cellular proteins, lipids, and DNA, leading to cell damage that may contribute to carcinogenesis. Several studies have shown that cancer cells display an adaptive response to oxidative stress by increasing expression of antioxidant enzymes and molecules. As a double-edged sword, ROS influence signaling pathways determining beneficial or detrimental outcomes in cancer therapy. In this review, we address the role of redox homeostasis in cancer growth and therapy and examine the current literature regarding the redox regulatory systems that become upregulated in cancer and their role in promoting tumor progression and resistance to chemotherapy.
Keyphrases
- oxidative stress
- reactive oxygen species
- dna damage
- induced apoptosis
- papillary thyroid
- cell death
- signaling pathway
- squamous cell
- poor prognosis
- cancer therapy
- cell therapy
- systematic review
- single cell
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- cell cycle arrest
- diabetic rats
- type diabetes
- single molecule
- pi k akt
- hydrogen peroxide
- physical activity
- childhood cancer
- adipose tissue
- locally advanced
- drug delivery
- rectal cancer
- radiation therapy
- cell free
- fatty acid