Fasting alters the gut microbiome reducing blood pressure and body weight in metabolic syndrome patients.
András MaifeldHendrik BartolomaeusUlrike LöberEllen G AveryNico SteckhanLajos MarkóNicola WilckIbrahim HamadUrša ŠušnjarAnja MählerChristoph HohmannChia-Yu ChenHolger CramerGustav DobosTill Robin LeskerTill StrowigRalf DechendDanilo BzdokMarkus KleinewietfeldAndreas MichalsenDominik N MullerSofia Kirke Forslund-StartcevaPublished in: Nature communications (2021)
Periods of fasting and refeeding may reduce cardiometabolic risk elevated by Western diet. Here we show in the substudy of NCT02099968, investigating the clinical parameters, the immunome and gut microbiome exploratory endpoints, that in hypertensive metabolic syndrome patients, a 5-day fast followed by a modified Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension diet reduces systolic blood pressure, need for antihypertensive medications, body-mass index at three months post intervention compared to a modified Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension diet alone. Fasting alters the gut microbiome, impacting bacterial taxa and gene modules associated with short-chain fatty acid production. Cross-system analyses reveal a positive correlation of circulating mucosa-associated invariant T cells, non-classical monocytes and CD4+ effector T cells with systolic blood pressure. Furthermore, regulatory T cells positively correlate with body-mass index and weight. Machine learning analysis of baseline immunome or microbiome data predicts sustained systolic blood pressure response within the fasting group, identifying CD8+ effector T cells, Th17 cells and regulatory T cells or Desulfovibrionaceae, Hydrogenoanaerobacterium, Akkermansia, and Ruminococcaceae as important contributors to the model. Here we report that the high-resolution multi-omics data highlight fasting as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for the treatment of high blood pressure in metabolic syndrome patients.
Keyphrases
- blood pressure
- regulatory t cells
- metabolic syndrome
- hypertensive patients
- blood glucose
- end stage renal disease
- insulin resistance
- heart rate
- body mass index
- machine learning
- ejection fraction
- dendritic cells
- chronic kidney disease
- physical activity
- high resolution
- randomized controlled trial
- body weight
- heart failure
- newly diagnosed
- weight loss
- immune response
- fatty acid
- type diabetes
- induced apoptosis
- peritoneal dialysis
- dna methylation
- patient reported outcomes
- adipose tissue
- mass spectrometry
- atrial fibrillation
- skeletal muscle
- oxidative stress
- cardiovascular risk factors
- cardiovascular disease
- type iii
- deep learning
- pi k akt
- liquid chromatography