Effect of Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. n -Hexane Extract and Its Bioactive Compounds on Wound Healing and Anti-Inflammatory Activity.
Kanokwan SomwongPattawika LertpatipanpongWutigri NimlamoolAussara PanyaYingmanee TragoolpuaRujipas YongsawasWandee GritsanapanHataichanok PandithSeung-Joon BaekPublished in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
The stem bark of Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. has been applied for the treatment of human cutaneous diseases as well as canine demodicosis in several countries. However, no detailed mechanistic studies have been reported to support their use. In this study, thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography were used to screen phytochemicals from the fresh stem bark extract of H. integrifolia . We found the two major bioactive compounds, friedelin and lupeol, and their activity on wound healing was further investigated in keratinocytes. Both bioactive compounds significantly reduced wound area and increased keratinocyte migration by increasing matrix metalloproteinases-9 production. Subsequently, we found that the mRNA gene expressions of cadherin 1 and desmoglobin 1 significantly decreased, whereas the gene expression involved in keratinocyte proliferation and homeostasis (keratin-17) increased in compound-treated human immortalized keratinocytes cells. The expression of inflammatory genes (cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase) and pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6) was reduced by treatment with n -hexane extract of H. integrifolia and its bioactive compounds. Our results revealed that H. integrifolia extract and its bioactive compounds, friedelin and lupeol, exhibit wound-healing activity with anti-inflammatory properties, mediated by regulating the gene expression involved in skin re-epithelialization.
Keyphrases
- wound healing
- gene expression
- anti inflammatory
- oxidative stress
- nitric oxide synthase
- endothelial cells
- genome wide
- dna methylation
- gas chromatography
- mass spectrometry
- nitric oxide
- tandem mass spectrometry
- induced apoptosis
- genome wide identification
- rheumatoid arthritis
- poor prognosis
- pluripotent stem cells
- binding protein
- transcription factor
- cell cycle arrest
- high throughput
- combination therapy
- single cell
- high speed
- genome wide analysis
- high performance liquid chromatography
- ms ms
- liquid chromatography
- replacement therapy
- smoking cessation
- simultaneous determination
- single molecule