Lidocaine spray versus viscous lidocaine solution for pharyngeal local anesthesia in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Jun WatanabeYusuke IkegamiAyumi TsudaEiichi KakehiTakeshi KannoShizukiyo IshikawaYuki KataokaPublished in: Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society (2020)
The use of lidocaine spray for local anesthesia provided better satisfaction scores than the viscous solution, and both methods have the same effect with regards to the control of discomfort and pain. Further studies in large multicenter randomized controlled trials with a pre-registration protocol are needed.