Protective Effect of Argan and Olive Oils against LPS-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Mice Livers.
Soufiane El KamouniRiad El KebbajPierre AndreolettiAbderrahim El KtaibiIssam RharrassiAbdelkhalid EssamadiM'hammed Saïd El KebbajStéphane MandardNorbert LatruffeJoseph VamecqBoubker NasserMustapha Cherkaoui-MalkiPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2017)
Sepsis causes severe dysregulation of organ functions, via the development of oxidative stress and inflammation. These pathophysiological mechanisms are mimicked in mice injected with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Here, protective properties of argan oil against LPS-induced oxidative stress and inflammation are explored in the murine model. Mice received standard chow, supplemented with argan oil (AO) or olive oil (OO) for 25 days, before septic shock was provoked with a single intraperitoneal injection of LPS, 16 hours prior to animal sacrifice. In addition to a rise in oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, injected LPS also caused hepatotoxicity, accompanied by hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and hyperuremia. These LPS-associated toxic effects were blunted by AO pretreatment, as corroborated by normal plasma parameters and cell stress markers (glutathione: GSH) and antioxidant enzymology (catalase, CAT; superoxide dismutase, SOD and glutathione peroxidase, GPx). Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed that AO can protect against acute liver injury, maintaining a normal status, which is pointed out by absent or reduced LPS-induced hepatic damage markers (i.e., alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)). Our work also indicated that AO displayed anti-inflammatory activity, due to down-regulations of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and in up-regulations of the expression of anti-inflammatory genes encoding Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10). OO provided animals with similar, though less extensive, protective changes. Collectively our work adds compelling evidence to the protective mechanisms of AO against LPS-induced liver injury and hence therapeutic potentialities, in regard to the management of human sepsis. Activations of IL-4/Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (IL-4/PPARs) signaling and, under LPS, an anti-inflammatory IL-10/Liver X Receptor (IL-10/LXR) route, obviously indicated the high potency and plasticity of the anti-inflammatory properties of argan oil.
Keyphrases
- anti inflammatory
- oxidative stress
- inflammatory response
- lps induced
- septic shock
- drug induced
- liver injury
- hydrogen peroxide
- rheumatoid arthritis
- diabetic rats
- dna damage
- fatty acid
- intensive care unit
- metabolic syndrome
- acute kidney injury
- cardiovascular disease
- adipose tissue
- liver failure
- endothelial cells
- single cell
- induced apoptosis
- poor prognosis
- gene expression
- skeletal muscle
- cardiovascular events
- mesenchymal stem cells
- cell therapy
- early onset
- stress induced
- ultrasound guided
- hepatitis b virus
- binding protein
- coronary artery disease
- respiratory failure