Interventions and Impact of Pharmacist-Delivered Services for People Infected with COVID-19: A Systematic Review.
Ali AhmedMaria TanveerSunil ShresthaAsmita Priyadarshini KhatiwadaSaval KhanalJuman Abdulelah DujailiVibhu PaudyalPublished in: Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Pharmacists are essential members of the healthcare team. The emergence of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led pharmacists to undertake additional clinical roles. We aim to conduct a systematic review on the interventions and impact of pharmacist-delivered services in managing COVID-19 patients. We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL plus, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, and Web of Science from 1 December 2019 (the first case of COVID-19 emerged) to 13 January 2022 to retrieve the articles. Cochrane handbook and PRISMA guidelines were followed respectively to perform and report the review. The pharmacist-led interventions were reported following the Descriptive Elements of Pharmacist Intervention Characterization Tool (DEPICT) version 2. The protocol of systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021277128). Studies quality was assessed with the modified NOS scale. In total, 7 observational studies were identified from 10,838 studies. Identification of dosage errors ( n = 6 studies), regimen modifications ( n = 5), removal of obsolete/duplicate medications ( n = 5), identification and management of adverse drug reactions ( n = 4), drug interactions prevention ( n = 2), and physicians acceptance rate ( n = 3) of therapy-related services delivered in-person or via tele-pharmacy were among the pharmacist-delivered services. Common interventions delivered by pharmacists also included optimizing the use of antibacterial, antivirals, and anticoagulants in COVID-19 infected patients. The acceptance of pharmacist-delivered services by physicians was high (88.5-95.5%). Included studies have described pharmacists' beneficial role in managing patients with COVID-19 including detection, resolution, and prevention of medication-related problems, with physicians demonstrating high trust in pharmacists' advice. Future research should assess the feasibility and scalability of such roles in real-world settings.
Keyphrases
- coronavirus disease
- healthcare
- primary care
- adverse drug
- sars cov
- mental health
- general practice
- systematic review
- physical activity
- case control
- randomized controlled trial
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- emergency department
- meta analyses
- public health
- palliative care
- quality improvement
- mesenchymal stem cells
- health information
- clinical practice
- bone marrow
- bioinformatics analysis
- patient safety
- smoking cessation
- cross sectional
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- anti inflammatory
- cell therapy