PARIS and SPARTA: Finding the Achilles' Heel of SARS-CoV-2.
Viviana SimonVamsi KotaRyan F BloomquistHannah B HanleyDavid ForgacsSavita PahwaSuresh PallikkuthLoren G MillerJoanna SchaenmanMichael R YeamanDavid MantheiJoshua WolfAditya H GaurJeremie H EsteppKomal SrivastavaJuan Manuel CarreñoFrans Cuevasnull nullAli H EllebedyAubree GordonRiccardo ValdezSarah CobeyElaine F ReedRavindra KolhePaul G ThomasStacey Schultz-CherryTed M RossFlorian KrammerPublished in: mSphere (2022)
To understand reinfection rates and correlates of protection for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), we established eight different longitudinal cohorts in 2020 under the umbrella of the PARIS (Protection Associated with Rapid Immunity to SARS-CoV-2)/SPARTA (SARS SeroPrevalence And Respiratory Tract Assessment) studies. Here, we describe the PARIS/SPARTA cohorts, the harmonized assays and analysis that are performed across the cohorts, as well as case definitions for SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection that have been established by the team of PARIS/SPARTA investigators. IMPORTANCE Determining reinfection rates and correlates of protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection induced by both natural infection and vaccination is of high significance for the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Furthermore, understanding reinfections or infection after vaccination and the role immune escape plays in these scenarios will inform the need for updates of the current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and help update guidelines suitable for the postpandemic world.