Theoretical description of modern 1 H in Vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopic pulse sequences.
Karl LandheerRolf F SchulteMichael S TreacyKelley M SwanbergChristoph JuchemPublished in: Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI (2019)
This article reviews the most commonly used modern sequences designed to confront the two major challenges of in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS): spatial localization and metabolic specificity. The purpose of this review article is to provide a deeper and clearer understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which all modern MRS sequences operate. A descriptive explanation, consistent pulse sequence diagram, and theoretical concepts of the measured signal are given for five spatial localization sequences and three modules designed to increase metabolic specificity. Cross-sequence comparisons, including potential modifications for estimating quantitative measures like spin-lattice relaxation time T1 , spin-spin relaxation time T2 , and diffusion coefficients are briefly discussed. Level of Evidence: 5 Technical Efficacy Stage: 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1008-1029.
Keyphrases
- single molecule
- magnetic resonance
- room temperature
- density functional theory
- blood pressure
- high resolution
- genetic diversity
- magnetic resonance imaging
- cross sectional
- systematic review
- molecular docking
- risk assessment
- randomized controlled trial
- amino acid
- structural basis
- mass spectrometry
- ionic liquid
- molecular dynamics simulations
- climate change