Login / Signup

Association between the Prime Diet Quality Score and depressive symptoms in a Mediterranean population with metabolic syndrome. Cross-sectional and 2-year follow-up assessment from PREDIMED-PLUS study.

Naomi Cano-IbáñezLluis Serra-MajemSandra Martín-PeláezMiguel Ángel Martínez-GonzálezJordi Salas SalvadóMaria Dolores Corella PiquerCamille LassaleJosé Alfredo Martínez HernandezÁngel M Alonso-GómezJulia WärnbergJesús Vioque LopezDora RomagueraJosé López-MirandaRamon EstruchAna María Gómez-PérezJosé Manuel Santos-LozanoFernando Fernández-ArandaAurora Bueno-CavanillasJosep A TurVicente MartínXavier Pintó SalaMiguel Delgado-RodríguezPilar Matía MartínJosep VidalJersy J CárdenasLidia Daimiel RuizEmilio RosPilar Buil-CosialesNerea Becerra-TomásCarmen SaizMiguel-Ángel Muñoz-PerezItziar AbeteLucas Tojal-SierraOlga Fernández-BarcelóAndrea Bernabé-CasanovaJadwiga KoniecznaAntonio García-RíosRosa CasasMaria Rosa Bernal-LópezJosé LapetraEstefanía ToledoCarlos Gómez-MartínezOscar ColtellMireia Malcampo-ManrúbiaMaría Angeles ZuletCarolina Sorto-SánchezAlfredo GeaJosé Luis Hernández-FletaOlga Castañer NiñoAlmudena Sánchez-Villegas
Published in: The British journal of nutrition (2021)
The burden of depression is increasing worldwide, specifically in older adults. Unhealthy dietary patterns may partly explain this phenomenon. In the Spanish PREDIMED-Plus study, we explored (1) the cross-sectional association between the adherence to the Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS), an a priori-defined high-quality food pattern, and the prevalence of depressive symptoms at baseline (cross-sectional analysis) and (2) the prospective association of baseline PDQS with changes in depressive symptomatology after 2 years of follow-up. After exclusions, we assessed 6612 participants in the cross-sectional analysis and 5523 participants in the prospective analysis. An energy-adjusted high-quality dietary score (PDQS) was assessed using a validated FFQ. The cross-sectional association between PDQS and the prevalence of depression or presence of depressive symptoms and the prospective changes in depressive symptoms were evaluated through multivariable regression models (logistic and linear models and mixed linear-effects models). PDQS was inversely associated with depressive status in the cross-sectional analysis. Participants in the highest quintile of PDQS (Q5) showed a significantly reduced odds of depression prevalence as compared to participants in the lowest quartile of PDQS (Q1) (OR (95 %) CI = 0·82 (0·68, 0·98))). The baseline prevalence of depression decreased across PDQS quintiles (Pfor trend = 0·015). A statistically significant association between PDQS and changes in depressive symptoms after 2-years follow-up was found (β (95 %) CI = -0·67 z-score (-1·17, -0·18). A higher PDQS was cross-sectionally related to a lower depressive status. Nevertheless, the null finding in our prospective analysis raises the possibility of reverse causality. Further prospective investigation is required to ascertain the association between PDQS and changes in depressive symptoms along time.
Keyphrases
  • depressive symptoms
  • cross sectional
  • social support
  • sleep quality
  • metabolic syndrome
  • risk factors
  • physical activity
  • type diabetes
  • bipolar disorder
  • cardiovascular disease
  • adipose tissue
  • skeletal muscle
  • adverse drug