Risk Factors for Recurrent L4-5 Disc Herniation After Percutaneous Endoscopic Transforaminal Discectomy: A Retrospective Analysis of 654 Cases.

Consideration of disc degeneration, M/D, fat infiltration of the paravertebral muscles, sROM, ISA, LL, BMI, and physical load intensity prior to surgical intervention may contribute to the prevention of rLDH following PETD and lead to a more satisfactory operative outcome and the development of a reasonable rehabilitation program after discharge.