Mosquito cellular immunity at single-cell resolution.
Gianmarco RaddiAna Beatriz F BarlettaMirjana EfremovaJose Luis RamirezRafael CanteraSarah A TeichmannCarolina Barillas-MuryOliver BillkerPublished in: Science (New York, N.Y.) (2020)
Hemocytes limit the capacity of mosquitoes to transmit human pathogens. Here we profile the transcriptomes of 8506 hemocytes of Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti mosquito vectors. Our data reveal the functional diversity of hemocytes, with different subtypes of granulocytes expressing distinct and evolutionarily conserved subsets of effector genes. A previously unidentified cell type in An. gambiae, which we term "megacyte," is defined by a specific transmembrane protein marker (TM7318) and high expression of lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α transcription factor 3 (LL3). Knockdown experiments indicate that LL3 mediates hemocyte differentiation during immune priming. We identify and validate two main hemocyte lineages and find evidence of proliferating granulocyte populations. This atlas of medically relevant invertebrate immune cells at single-cell resolution identifies cellular events that underpin mosquito immunity to malaria infection.
Keyphrases
- aedes aegypti
- single cell
- lipopolysaccharide induced
- transcription factor
- rna seq
- zika virus
- dengue virus
- genome wide
- inflammatory response
- high throughput
- peripheral blood
- endothelial cells
- poor prognosis
- single molecule
- binding protein
- genome wide identification
- rheumatoid arthritis
- dendritic cells
- dna binding
- regulatory t cells
- big data
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- amino acid
- machine learning
- pluripotent stem cells
- gene expression
- dna methylation
- gestational age
- plasmodium falciparum
- genetic diversity
- artificial intelligence
- gene therapy
- type iii