Cymbopogon winterianus Essential Oil Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in a Murine Model.
Lívia A TavaresAllan A RezendeJymmys L SantosCharles S EstevamAna M O SilvaJaderson K SchneiderJohn L S CunhaDaniela Droppa-AlmeidaIvan J Correia-NetoJuliana C CardosoPatrícia SeverinoEliana B SoutoRicardo L C de Albuquerque-JúniorPublished in: Pharmaceutics (2021)
The essential oil of Cymbopogon winterianus (EOCW) is a natural product with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic properties. We studied the effect of EOCW in the progression of histological changes of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) in a rodent model. The oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Intratracheal instillation of bleomycin was performed in 30 rats to induce PF, while Sham animals were subjected to instillation of saline solution. The treatment was performed using daily oral administration of distilled water, EOCW at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, and deflazacort (DFC). After 28 days, hemogram and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were assayed. Histological grading of PF, immunohistochemical expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were also analyzed. The EOCW major compounds were found to be citronellal, geraniol, and citronellol. EOCW significantly reduced inflammation in BALF, reduced MDA levels, and increased SOD activity. EOCW attenuated histological grading of PF and reduced immunohistochemical expression of α-SMA and TGF-β in a dose-dependent way, likely due to the reduction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and TGF-β-induced myofibroblast differentiation.
Keyphrases
- pulmonary fibrosis
- essential oil
- transforming growth factor
- oxidative stress
- diabetic rats
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- smooth muscle
- gas chromatography mass spectrometry
- anti inflammatory
- poor prognosis
- high glucose
- breast cancer cells
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- dna damage
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- induced apoptosis
- drug induced
- signaling pathway
- physical activity
- long non coding rna
- endothelial cells
- combination therapy
- cell death
- heat shock
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cell cycle arrest
- fatty acid
- replacement therapy
- high resolution