Achievement of the Targets of the 20-Year Infancy-Onset Dietary Intervention-Association with Metabolic Profile from Childhood to Adulthood.
Miia LehtovirtaLaurie A MatthewsTomi T LaitinenJoel NuotioHarri NiinikoskiSuvi P RovioHanna LagströmJorma S A ViikariTapani RönnemaaAntti JulaMika Ala-KorpelaOlli T RaitakariKatja PahkalaPublished in: Nutrients (2021)
The Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP) is a prospective infancy-onset randomized dietary intervention trial targeting dietary fat quality and cholesterol intake, and favoring consumption of vegetables, fruit, and whole-grains. Diet (food records) and circulating metabolites were studied at six time points between the ages of 9-19 years (n = 549-338). Dietary targets for this study were defined as (1) the ratio of saturated fat (SAFA) to monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFA + PUFA) < 1:2, (2) intake of SAFA < 10% of total energy intake, (3) fiber intake ≥ 80th age-specific percentile, and (4) sucrose intake ≤ 20th age-specific percentile. Metabolic biomarkers were quantified by high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics. Better adherence to the dietary targets, regardless of study group allocation, was assoiated with higher serum proportion of PUFAs, lower serum proportion of SAFAs, and a higher degree of unsaturation of fatty acids. Achieving ≥ 1 dietary target resulted in higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size, lower circulating LDL subclass lipid concentrations, and lower circulating lipid concentrations in medium and small high-density lipoprotein subclasses compared to meeting 0 targets. Attaining more dietary targets (≥2) was associated with a tendency to lower lipid concentrations of intermediate-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein subclasses. Thus, adherence to dietary targets is favorably associated with multiple circulating fatty acids and lipoprotein subclass lipid concentrations, indicative of better cardio-metabolic health.
Keyphrases
- low density lipoprotein
- fatty acid
- randomized controlled trial
- magnetic resonance
- weight gain
- high throughput
- healthcare
- high density
- public health
- adipose tissue
- risk factors
- coronary artery
- quality improvement
- type diabetes
- depressive symptoms
- body mass index
- study protocol
- phase ii
- coronary artery disease
- drug delivery
- clinical trial
- heart failure
- risk assessment
- physical activity
- transcatheter aortic valve replacement
- atrial fibrillation
- computed tomography
- heavy metals
- early life
- open label
- skeletal muscle
- contrast enhanced
- glycemic control
- health risk