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Akkermansia muciniphila secretes a glucagon-like peptide-1-inducing protein that improves glucose homeostasis and ameliorates metabolic disease in mice.

Hyo Shin YoonChung Hwan ChoMyeong Sik YunSung Jae JangHyun Ju YouJun-Hyeong KimDo Hyun HanKwang Hyun ChaSung Hyun MoonKiuk LeeYeon-Ji KimSung-Joon LeeTae-Wook NamGwangPyo Ko
Published in: Nature microbiology (2021)
The gut microbiota, which includes Akkermansia muciniphila, is known to modulate energy metabolism, glucose tolerance, immune system maturation and function in humans1-4. Although A. muciniphila is correlated with metabolic diseases and its beneficial causal effects were reported on host metabolism5-8, the molecular mechanisms involved have not been identified. Here, we report that A. muciniphila increases thermogenesis and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced C57BL/6J mice by induction of uncoupling protein 1 in brown adipose tissue and systemic GLP-1 secretion. We apply fast protein liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrophotometry analysis to identify an 84 kDa protein, named P9, that is secreted by A. muciniphila. Using L cells and mice fed on an HFD, we show that purified P9 alone is sufficient to induce GLP-1 secretion and brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. Using ligand-receptor capture analysis, we find that P9 interacts with intercellular adhesion molecule 2 (ICAM-2). Interleukin-6 deficiency abrogates the effects of P9 in glucose homeostasis and downregulates ICAM-2 expression. Our results show that the interactions between P9 and ICAM-2 could be targeted by therapeutics for metabolic diseases.
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