Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.
Amir Reza MoravejolahkamiMehdi ShakibaeiAndrea Mary McGrattanManoj SharmaPublished in: Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews (2023)
Dysbiosis or imbalance of microbes in the gut has been associated with susceptibility and progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The present systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on fasting blood glucose (FBG), haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), C-peptide, and insulin requirements in T1DM patients. A systematic search for trials published up to October 2022 was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and the Central Cochrane Library. Random effect models were used to synthesise quantitative data by STATA 14 . After the evaluation of 258 identified entries, five randomised controlled trials (n = 356; mean age = 11.7 years old) were included. The pooled effect size showed that FBG decreased following probiotic supplementation (weighted mean difference = -31.24 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval = -45.65, -16.83; p < 0.001), however, there was no significant improvement in serum HbA1c, C-peptide, and insulin requirements. Probiotic supplementation could be a complementary therapeutic strategy in T1DM. The evidence is limited; therefore, it is crucial to conduct more trials.
Keyphrases
- blood glucose
- glycemic control
- type diabetes
- clinical trial
- end stage renal disease
- newly diagnosed
- insulin resistance
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- public health
- prognostic factors
- weight loss
- peritoneal dialysis
- randomized controlled trial
- blood pressure
- electronic health record
- big data
- adipose tissue
- skeletal muscle
- metabolic syndrome
- machine learning
- lactic acid
- meta analyses