Cardiovascular risk assessment and association with novel biomarkers in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aim: To investigate the association between cardiovascular risk and biomarkers in patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods: Cross-sectional study, with evaluation of traditional and new biomarkers (serum FGF-23, Syndecan-1 [Sdc-1] and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 [VCAM-1] and urinary VEGF and kidney injury molecule-1 [KIM-1]) and risk scores (Framingham-FRS and UK Prospective Diabetes Study [UKPDS]). Results: 128 diabetics were included, with predominance of high risk by FRS and low risk by UKPDS. There was an independent association of VCAM-1 and VEGF with higher risk by FRS-lipids and UKPDS. Conclusion: There was an independent association of VCAM-1 and VEGF with higher cardiovascular risk, showing a subclinical endothelial dysfunction in T2DM. The inclusion of novel biomarkers to risk scores may increase accuracy when assessing cardiovascular risk of diabetic individuals.