Relaxin-expressing oncolytic adenovirus induces remodeling of physical and immunological aspects of cold tumor to potentiate PD-1 blockade.

Our findings are the first to demonstrate that expression of four genes (IL-12p35, IL-12p40, GM-CSF, and RLX) mediated by a single oncolytic Ad vector can promote remodeling of both physical and immunological aspects of the tumor niches to overcome the major limitations of Ab-based therapies that have emerged in recent clinical trials.