Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Intracranial Ependymoma in Children: Frequency, Molecular Characteristics, Treatment, and Outcome in the Prospective HIT Series.
Martin BeneschMartin MynarekHendrik WittMonika Warmuth-MetzTorsten PietschBrigitte BisonStefan M PfisterKristian W PajtlerMarcel KoolUlrich SchüllerKlaus PietschmannBjörn-Ole JuhnkeStephan TippeltGudrun FleischhackIrene SchmidChristof M KrammPeter VorwerkAndreas BeilkenCarl Friedrich ClassenPablo Hernáiz DrieverGabriele KropshoferThomas ImschweilerAndreas LemmerRolf-Dieter KortmannStefan RutkowskiKatja von HoffPublished in: The oncologist (2019)
Childhood ependymoma presenting with metastasis at first diagnosis is very rare with a frequency of 2.4% in this population-based, well-characterized cohort. Detection of microscopic metastases in the cerebrospinal fluid was extremely rare, and impact on prognosis and respective treatment decision on irradiation field remains unclear. Initial metastatic presentation occurs in both supratentorial RELA-fused ependymoma and posterior fossa ependymoma. Prognosis may differ according to extent of metastasis and biological subgroup, with poor prognosis in diffusely spread metastatic posterior fossa ependymoma even after combination therapy with both intensive chemotherapy and craniospinal irradiation, which may help to guide individual therapeutic decisions for future patients.
Keyphrases
- combination therapy
- newly diagnosed
- poor prognosis
- small cell lung cancer
- squamous cell carcinoma
- cerebrospinal fluid
- long non coding rna
- young adults
- ejection fraction
- clinical trial
- prognostic factors
- randomized controlled trial
- locally advanced
- current status
- radiation induced
- replacement therapy
- patient reported outcomes
- quantum dots
- smoking cessation
- patient reported
- rectal cancer
- early life
- decision making
- loop mediated isothermal amplification