Alleviation of lead acetate-induced nephrotoxicity by Moringa oleifera extract in rats: highlighting the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities.
Mohamed M Abdel-DaimSaad AlkahtaniRafa AlmeerGadah AlBasherPublished in: Environmental science and pollution research international (2020)
Lead (Pb) is an environmental toxicant; its consumption can induce renal deficits. In this study, we explored the possible protective efficiency of Moringa oleifera extract (MOE) against lead acetate (PbAc)-mediated reprotoxicity. Four experimental groups of seven rats each were used: control, PbAc, MOE, and MOE+PbAc groups. All groups were given their respective treatment for 4 weeks. PbAc impaired the oxidative/antioxidative balance in the renal tissue, as shown by the decreased antioxidant proteins (glutathione, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) and increased oxidants (lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide). Additionally, PbAc enhanced the progression of kidney inflammation by increasing tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and nuclear factor kappa B associated with upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Moreover, a dysregulation in the apoptotic-regulating proteins (Bax, caspase-3, and Bcl2) were recorded upon PbAc exposure. Remarkably, MOE oral administration restored redox homeostasis, suppressed the inflammatory and apoptotic responses in the kidney tissue. Our findings point out that MOE could be used as an alternative remedy to overcome the adverse effects of Pb exposure, which may be due to its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects.
Keyphrases
- anti inflammatory
- nuclear factor
- nitric oxide
- nitric oxide synthase
- hydrogen peroxide
- toll like receptor
- oxidative stress
- cell death
- heavy metals
- diabetic rats
- induced apoptosis
- traumatic brain injury
- poor prognosis
- rheumatoid arthritis
- cell proliferation
- emergency department
- fatty acid
- immune response
- aqueous solution
- human health
- risk assessment
- high glucose
- adverse drug
- endoplasmic reticulum stress