Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Coffee Brew Evaluated after Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion.
Luigi CastaldoMarianna TorielloRaffaele SessaMonica De PalmaSonia LombardiAlfonso NarváezAlberto RitieniMichela GrossoPublished in: Nutrients (2021)
Coffee contains human health-related molecules, namely polyphenols that possess a wide range of pharmacological functions, and their intake is associated with reduced colon cancer risk. This study aimed to assess the changes in the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of coffee after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. The evaluation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the HT-29 human colon cancer cell line and three in vitro spectrophotometric assays were performed to determine the antioxidant activity of the samples. Characterization of coffee composition was also assessed through a Q-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis. The results highlighted that the levels of polyphenols in the digested coffee brews were higher than those of the non-digested ones. All assayed samples decreased the levels of intracellular ROS when compared to untreated cells, while digested coffee samples exhibited higher antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content than not-digested coffee samples. Digested coffee samples showed a higher reduction in interleukin-6 levels than the not-digested samples in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated HT-29 cells treated for 48 h and fewer cytotoxic effects in the MTT assay. Overall, our findings suggest that coffee may exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and the digestion process may be able to release compounds with higher bioactivity.
Keyphrases
- reactive oxygen species
- anti inflammatory
- high resolution mass spectrometry
- induced apoptosis
- endothelial cells
- sewage sludge
- oxidative stress
- liquid chromatography
- cell death
- dna damage
- cell cycle arrest
- anaerobic digestion
- toll like receptor
- body mass index
- immune response
- lps induced
- simultaneous determination
- ms ms
- single cell
- signaling pathway