The effect of supercritical carbon dioxide on the physiochemistry, endogenous enzymes, and nutritional composition of fruit and vegetables and its prospects for industrial application: a overview.

Consumers have an increasing demand for fruit and vegetables with high nutritional value worldwide. However, most fruit and vegetables are vulnerable to quality loss and spoilage during processing, transportation, and storage. Among the recently introduced emerging technologies, supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO 2 ) has been extensively utilized to treat and maintain fruit and vegetables mainly due to its nontoxicity, safety, and environmentally friendly. SCCO 2 technology generates low processing costs and mild processing conditions (temperature and pressure) that allow for the application of CO 2 at a supercritical state. This review aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the influence of SCCO 2 technology on the quality attributes of fruit and vegetable products, such as physicochemical properties (pH, color, cloud, particle size distribution, texture), sensory quality, and nutritional composition (ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, carotenoids, and betalains). In addition, the effects and mechanisms of the SCCO 2 technique on endogenous enzyme inactivation (polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, and pectin methylesterase) were also elucidated. Finally, the prospects of the SCCO 2 technique for industrial application was discussed from the economic and regulatory aspect.