Emerging roles of long non-coding RNA FTX in human disorders.
Mohadeseh Sheykhi-SabzehpoushMajid GhasemianFatemeh Khojasteh PourMohammad MighaniMehdi MoghanibashiRazieh Mohammad JafariMaciej ZabelPiotr DzięgielMaryam FarzanehBartosz KempistyPublished in: Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico (2023)
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved the progression of cancerous and non-cancerous disorders via different mechanism. FTX (five prime to xist) is an evolutionarily conserved lncRNA that is located upstream of XIST and regulates its expression. FTX participates in progression of various malignancy including gastric cancer, glioma, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, and retinoblastoma. Also, FTX can be involved in the pathogenesis of non-cancerous disorders such as endometriosis and stroke. FTX acts as competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) and via sponging various miRNAs, including miR-186, miR-200a-3p, miR-215-3p, and miR-153-3p to regulate the expression of their downstream target. FTX by targeting various signaling pathways including Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, SOX4, PDK1/PKB/GSK-3β, TGF-β1, FOXA2, and PPARγ regulate molecular mechanism involved in various disorders. Dysregulation of FTX is associated with an increased risk of various disorders. Therefore, FTX and its downstream targets may be suitable biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of human malignancies. In this review, we summarized the emerging roles of FTX in human cancerous and non-cancerous cells.
Keyphrases
- long non coding rna
- poor prognosis
- pi k akt
- signaling pathway
- endothelial cells
- cell proliferation
- cell cycle arrest
- stem cells
- transcription factor
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- induced apoptosis
- pluripotent stem cells
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- oxidative stress
- cell death
- insulin resistance
- blood brain barrier
- adipose tissue
- fatty acid