Modulatory Properties of Food and Nutraceutical Components Targeting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation.
Mattia SpanoGiacomo di MatteoCinzia IngallinaDonatella AmbroselliSimone CarradoriMarialucia GalloriniAnna Maria GiustiAndrea SalvoMichela GrossoCristina EspositoPublished in: Nutrients (2022)
Inflammasomes are key intracellular multimeric proteins able to initiate the cellular inflammatory signaling pathway. NLRP3 inflammasome represents one of the main protein complexes involved in the development of inflammatory events, and its activity has been largely demonstrated to be connected with inflammatory or autoinflammatory disorders, including diabetes, gouty arthritis, liver fibrosis, Alzheimer's disease, respiratory syndromes, atherosclerosis, and cancer initiation. In recent years, it has been demonstrated how dietary intake and nutritional status represent important environmental elements that can modulate metabolic inflammation, since food matrices are an important source of several bioactive compounds. In this review, an updated status of knowledge regarding food bioactive compounds as NLRP3 inflammasome modulators is discussed. Several chemical classes, namely polyphenols, organosulfurs, terpenes, fatty acids, proteins, amino acids, saponins, sterols, polysaccharides, carotenoids, vitamins, and probiotics, have been shown to possess NLRP3 inflammasome-modulating activity through in vitro and in vivo assays, mainly demonstrating an anti-NLRP3 inflammasome activity. Plant foods are particularly rich in important bioactive compounds, each of them can have different effects on the pathway of inflammatory response, confirming the importance of the nutritional pattern (food model) as a whole rather than any single nutrient or functional compound.
Keyphrases
- nlrp inflammasome
- oxidative stress
- human health
- signaling pathway
- liver fibrosis
- inflammatory response
- amino acid
- cardiovascular disease
- healthcare
- type diabetes
- small molecule
- risk assessment
- rheumatoid arthritis
- high throughput
- lipopolysaccharide induced
- pi k akt
- cognitive decline
- cancer therapy
- papillary thyroid
- climate change
- drug delivery
- immune response
- reactive oxygen species
- metabolic syndrome
- respiratory tract